Subject Guides: Cite Your Sources: Home

Style Guides on the Web

General

How to Cite Digitized Primary Sources (Library of Congress) Examples in Chicago and MLA; how to cite electronic reproductions of primary sources, including film, photographs, legal and government publications, maps, recorded sound, text, and other special sources.
Sources and Citations at Dartmouth at (Dartmouth College) Not a style manual per se, but a writer's guide to academic integrity, citing sources, and evaluation of sources.

APA (American Psychological Association)

APA Formatting and Style Guides (7th edition) (6th edition) (Purdue Online Writing Lab)
Citing Business Sources in APA Style (Fogler Guide)
APA 7th Edition Citation Changes (Fogler Guide)

Chicago (Turabian) Style

Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition (Purdue Online Writing Lab)
Ohio State University Guides to Chicago Style:
Author-Date System
Notes-Bibliography System
Turabian Quick Guide (U of Chicago Press)
Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide

MLA (Modern Language Association)

MLA Style Center (MLA)
MLA Formatting and Style Guide (Purdue Online Writing Lab)

Government and Legal Publications

Citing U.S. Government Publications (University of North Florida)
Introduction to Basic Legal Citation (Cornell Law School) Guide to citing judicial opinions, constitutions and statutes, arbitration, court rules, cases, etc.

IEEE Citation Style

IEEE Overview (Purdue Online Writing Lab)
How to Cite References: IEEE Documentation Style (IEEE DataPort)
IEEE Reference Guide (IEEE)

Other Forms

ASA (American Sociological Association) Style (Purdue OWL)
Council of Science Editors (University of Washington)
Council of Science Editors (CSE) Style Guide (Ohio State University)
American Anthropological Association Style Guide
American Journal of Physical Anthropology Style Guide (Wiley)
Vancouver style (HVCC)

Formatting Papers

How to Format Your Research Paper
Formatting in MLA style (Purdue OWL)

Citing Generative AI Output

Using generative AI such as ChatGPT to create text raises unique issues in citation.

From the APA link below: "Unfortunately, the results of a ChatGPT “chat” are not retrievable by other readers, and although nonretrievable data or quotations ... are usually cited as personal communications, with ChatGPT-generated text there is no person communicating." [emphasis added]

Also: "You may also put the full text of long responses from ChatGPT in an appendix of your paper or in online supplemental materials, so readers have access to the exact text that was generated. It is particularly important to document the exact text created because ChatGPT will generate a unique response in each chat session, even if given the same prompt." [emphasis added]